Why did Neil Armstrong take over and fly the first lunar landing manually? A stunning recreated video shows what he saw out his window. A new video, created at Arizona State University’s School of Earth and Space Exploration, shows what Armstrong saw out his window as the lander descended — and you’ll see for yourself…

Scientists have created a 3D-printed vaccine patch that provides greater protection than a typical vaccine shot. The trick is applying the vaccine patch directly to the skin, which is full of immune cells that vaccines target. The resulting immune response from the vaccine patch was 10 times greater than vaccine delivered into an arm muscle…

No one knows for certain when Saturn’s iconic rings formed, but a new study suggests that they are much older than some scientists think. The study takes a closer look at 2017 Cassini spacecraft data that inspired several research papers suggesting that the rings were formed around the time dinosaurs roamed the Earth. Those studies,…

For the first time, physicists have produced a graphene compound consisting of carbon atoms and a small number of nitrogen atoms in a regular grid of hexagons and triangles. This honeycomb-structured »kagome lattice» behaves as a semiconductor and may also have unusual electrical properties. In the future, it could potentially be used in electronic sensors…

Researchers are piecing together what exactly happened to hundreds of cubes of uranium from a secretive and ultimately failed effort to build a working nuclear reactor in Nazi Germany during World War II. Inside he found a heavy metal cube and a crumpled message, a provocative note wrapped around a stone that came crashing through…

Researchers have used state-of-the-art atomic clocks, advanced light detectors, and a measurement tool called a frequency comb to boost the stability of microwave signals 100-fold. This marks a giant step toward better electronics to enable more accurate time dissemination, improved navigation, more reliable communications and higher-resolution imaging for radar and astronomy. The work transfers the…

Engineers have mimicked the human brain with an electronic chip that uses light to create and modify memories. Optogenetics allows scientists to delve into the body’s electrical system with incredible precision, using light to manipulate neurons so that they can be turned on or off. The new chip is based on an ultra-thin material that…

Engineers have demonstrated for the first time that it’s possible to connect a network of sensors through quantum entanglement. The experiment opens a door to unprecedented levels of sensitivity in GPS navigation, medical imaging and astronomy. In a paper published today in Physical Review Letters, University of Arizona engineering and optical sciences researchers, in collaboration…

While all atomic nuclei except hydrogen are composed of protons and neutrons, physicists have been searching for a particle consisting of two, three or four neutrons for over half a century. Experiments by a team of physicists now indicate that a particle comprising four bound neutrons may well exist. While nuclear physicists agree that there…

We are fascinated by machines that can control cars, compose symphonies, or defeat people at chess, Go, or Jeopardy! While more progress is being made all the time in Artificial Intelligence (AI), some scientists and philosophers warn of the dangers of an uncontrollable superintelligent AI. Using theoretical calculations, an international team of researchers shows that…